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	<id>https://cattheory.subwiki.org/w/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Normal_monomorphism</id>
	<title>Normal monomorphism - Revision history</title>
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	<updated>2026-04-04T12:42:34Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://cattheory.subwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Normal_monomorphism&amp;diff=103&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Vipul at 05:05, 26 December 2008</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://cattheory.subwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Normal_monomorphism&amp;diff=103&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2008-12-26T05:05:59Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 05:05, 26 December 2008&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l5&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In a [[preadditive category]] (i.e., a category [[enriched category|enriched]] over the [[monoidal category of Abelian groups]]), a &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;normal monomorphism&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a [[monomorphism]] that occurs as the [[kernel]] of some [[epimorphism]]. In other words, a monomorphism &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f:A \to B&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; in a preadditive category &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\mathcal{C}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is termed &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;normal&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; if there exists an epimorphism &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;g:B \to C&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; for some object &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;C&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; such that &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is a kernel of &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;g&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;: in other words, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is an [[equalizer]] of &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;g&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; and the zero morphism from &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;B&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; to &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;C&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In a [[preadditive category]] (i.e., a category [[enriched category|enriched]] over the [[monoidal category of Abelian groups]]), a &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;normal monomorphism&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a [[monomorphism]] that occurs as the [[kernel]] of some [[epimorphism]]. In other words, a monomorphism &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f:A \to B&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; in a preadditive category &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\mathcal{C}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is termed &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;normal&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; if there exists an epimorphism &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;g:B \to C&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; for some object &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;C&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; such that &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is a kernel of &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;g&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;: in other words, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is an [[equalizer]] of &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;g&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; and the zero morphism from &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;B&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; to &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;C&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Every [[additive category]], and more &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;generally&lt;/del&gt;, every [[Abelian category]], is preadditive, so the notion of normal monomorphism makes sense for such a category. For an Abelian category, every monomorphism is normal.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Every [[additive category]], and more &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;specifically&lt;/ins&gt;, every [[Abelian category]], is preadditive, so the notion of normal monomorphism makes sense for such a category. For an Abelian category, every monomorphism is normal.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===In a category enriched over pointed sets===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===In a category enriched over pointed sets===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Vipul</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://cattheory.subwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Normal_monomorphism&amp;diff=98&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Vipul at 12:22, 25 December 2008</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://cattheory.subwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Normal_monomorphism&amp;diff=98&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2008-12-25T12:22:18Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 12:22, 25 December 2008&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l3&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===In a preadditive category===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===In a preadditive category===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In a [[preadditive category]] (i.e., a category [[enriched category|enriched]] over the [[category of Abelian groups]]), a &#039;&#039;&#039;normal monomorphism&#039;&#039;&#039; is a [[monomorphism]] that occurs as the [[kernel]] of some [[epimorphism]]. In other words, a monomorphism &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f:A \to B&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; in a preadditive category &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\mathcal{C}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is termed &#039;&#039;&#039;normal&#039;&#039;&#039; if there exists an epimorphism &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;g:B \to C&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; for some object &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;C&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; such that &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is a kernel of &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;g&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;: in other words, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is an [[equalizer]] of &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;g&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; and the zero morphism from &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;B&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; to &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;C&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In a [[preadditive category]] (i.e., a category [[enriched category|enriched]] over the [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;monoidal &lt;/ins&gt;category of Abelian groups]]), a &#039;&#039;&#039;normal monomorphism&#039;&#039;&#039; is a [[monomorphism]] that occurs as the [[kernel]] of some [[epimorphism]]. In other words, a monomorphism &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f:A \to B&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; in a preadditive category &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\mathcal{C}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is termed &#039;&#039;&#039;normal&#039;&#039;&#039; if there exists an epimorphism &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;g:B \to C&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; for some object &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;C&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; such that &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is a kernel of &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;g&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;: in other words, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is an [[equalizer]] of &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;g&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; and the zero morphism from &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;B&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; to &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;C&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Every [[additive category]], and more generally, every [[Abelian category]], is preadditive, so the notion of normal monomorphism makes sense for such a category.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Every [[additive category]], and more generally, every [[Abelian category]], is preadditive, so the notion of normal monomorphism makes sense for such a category&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;. For an Abelian category, every monomorphism is normal.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;===In a category enriched over pointed sets===&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Suppose &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\mathcal{C}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is a [[category]] that is [[enriched category|enriched]] over the [[monoidal category of pointed sets]]. In other words, the morphism sets of &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\mathcal{C}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; have the additional structure of pointed sets and this structure is preserved by composition. This could happen, for instance, if &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\mathcal{C}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; has a [[zero object]]. The distinguished point in each morphism set is termed the &#039;&#039;zero morphism&#039;&#039;.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;A &#039;&#039;&#039;normal monomorphism&#039;&#039;&#039; in &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\mathcal{C}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is a [[monomorphism]] that occurs as the [[equalizer]] of some epimorphism with the zero morphism. In symbols, a monomorphism &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f:A \to B&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; in &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\mathcal{C}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is termed &#039;&#039;&#039;normal&#039;&#039;&#039; if there exists an epimorphism &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;g: B \to C&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; for some object &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;C&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; such that &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is the equalizer of &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;g&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; and the zero morphism from &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;B&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; to &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;C&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===In a protomodular category===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===In a protomodular category===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{fillin}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{fillin}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;==Examples==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* The [[category of groups]] has a zero object (The trivial group) and can hence be viewed as a category enriched over pointed sets. A normal monomorphism in this category is an injective homomorphism whose image is a [[normal subgroup]].&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Vipul</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://cattheory.subwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Normal_monomorphism&amp;diff=97&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Vipul: New page: ==Definition==  ===In a preadditive category===  In a preadditive category (i.e., a category enriched over the category of Abelian groups), a &#039;&#039;&#039;normal monomo...</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://cattheory.subwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Normal_monomorphism&amp;diff=97&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2008-12-25T12:16:30Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;New page: ==Definition==  ===In a preadditive category===  In a &lt;a href=&quot;/wiki/Preadditive_category&quot; title=&quot;Preadditive category&quot;&gt;preadditive category&lt;/a&gt; (i.e., a category &lt;a href=&quot;/wiki/Enriched_category&quot; title=&quot;Enriched category&quot;&gt;enriched&lt;/a&gt; over the &lt;a href=&quot;/wiki/Category_of_Abelian_groups&quot; class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; title=&quot;Category of Abelian groups&quot;&gt;category of Abelian groups&lt;/a&gt;), a &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;normal monomo...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Definition==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===In a preadditive category===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In a [[preadditive category]] (i.e., a category [[enriched category|enriched]] over the [[category of Abelian groups]]), a &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;normal monomorphism&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a [[monomorphism]] that occurs as the [[kernel]] of some [[epimorphism]]. In other words, a monomorphism &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f:A \to B&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; in a preadditive category &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\mathcal{C}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is termed &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;normal&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; if there exists an epimorphism &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;g:B \to C&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; for some object &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;C&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; such that &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is a kernel of &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;g&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;: in other words, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is an [[equalizer]] of &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;g&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; and the zero morphism from &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;B&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; to &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;C&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Every [[additive category]], and more generally, every [[Abelian category]], is preadditive, so the notion of normal monomorphism makes sense for such a category.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===In a protomodular category===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{fillin}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Vipul</name></author>
	</entry>
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